With the advent of discomfort in the spine, almost every person faces.Using painkillers, most of the population does not even ask the question of why the back hurts, attributing negative manifestations on the common cold, drafts or the consequences of stretching.Meanwhile, painful syndrome (BS) can be an alarming signal for the appearance of serious pathologies.
In different parts
Back pain is different.
Among them are distinguished:
- Fighting.Differ in frequency.
- Growing.In the process of pathological conditions, an increase in the degree of intensity of uncomfortable manifestations occurs.
- Dagger.Are a consequence of emergency conditions.
- In the form of fires.They are recorded in case of impaired functionality of the spinal column.
- Permanent or monotonous.
In addition, the back pain can be of two types:
- Projected.It spreads along the nerve fibers.It can radiate to distal parts of the body.
- Reflected.Appears during malfunctions in the work of internal organs.
On the right side
There are a number of circumstances that explain why the back hurts on the right.They are:
- The result of hypodynamia, due to which the abdominal muscles lose their elasticity and elasticity, while the entire load is laid on the spinal column;
- injuries and bruises of soft tissues;
- Performing physical work in an unnatural position (with an uneven load).
In addition to natural factors, the cause of uncomfortable sensations in the back can be diseases of the internal organs and the musculoskeletal system.
This symptom can be part of the clinical picture for the following diseases:
- Respiratory system diseases.With inflammation of the lungs (right -sided pneumonia), in addition to back pain, the patient complains of the appearance of dry cough, general weakness, rise in the temperature indicator of the body.
- The pricking BS on the right is observed with pleurisy.It is accompanied by the discharge of purulent sputum and the difficulty of breathing.
- Pathology of the liver and gall bladder.BS is distinguished by the duration of the current.To stop it, painkillers or antispasmodic drugs are used.The clinical picture is complemented by signs of intoxication (nausea, vomiting, violation of the defecation act).
- Gastrointestinal diseases.With pancreatitis or gastritis, pain syndrome is usually localized on the left side, but often radiates to the right.
- Urinary diseasesThey are manifested by prolonged or stupid pain.It occurs against the background of frequent urination, with the advent of red blood cells (blood) in the urine.A distinctive feature is that a sick person cannot find a convenient body position to reduce back pain.
- Appendicitis.In addition to unpleasant sensations in the abdomen, the patient notes that the back hurts on the right side.Additional symptoms are the appearance of nausea and vomiting reflex, an increase in the temperature indicator of the body, a general breakdown.
- Gynecological pathologies.Discomfort manifestations on the right are recorded in the event of an ectopic pregnancy, inflammation of the appendages or due to the growth of cystic ovarian seals.
- Osteochondrosis.Soreness can be localized both on the right and left.It is accompanied by stiffness in movements, and increases with physical work (especially if a person performs it for the first time).In advanced forms, irradiation in the fingers with their numbness is observed.
On the left side
Localization of back pain on the left can be the main or additional symptom in the clinical picture of many diseases.
It can occur in the following cases:
- Illness of the spinal column.Most often, the patient complains that the back hurts due to osteochondrosis, intercostal neuralgia or when pinched the nerve.The clinical picture is complemented by stiffness in movements, radiation in the upper limb, loss of sensitivity in the fingers.
- Diseases of the stomach and intestines.The symptoms of pain manifestations are supplemented by the presence of nausea, vomiting, stool disorder and increased gas formation.These signs appear with the development of pancreatitis, intestinal colic, cholecystitis.
- Cardiological diseases.Acute painful syndrome from behind under the ribs in combination with shortness of breath and a burning sensation behind the sternum is a characteristic sign of myocardial infarction.
- In bronchi and lungs BS can be observed with the development of pneumothorax, pleurisy, bronchitis or pneumonia.It can intensify when inhalation, and decrease on exhalation.
In the area of the lower back
The lumbar region begins from the place where the ribs end, and ends with a coccyge.Most often, patients, seeking medical help with complaints of back pain, imply the lower back.
The causes of lumbar pain are the following conditions:
- 90% of all cases of lumbar pain are explained by a violation of the functionality of the spinal column (osteochondrosis, hernias between the vertebrae, scoliosis, radiculite).These conditions are characterized by symptoms in the form of sudden shots.
- In 6%, pain in the lower back is the result of violation of the urinary organs.This feature is manifested for pyelonephritis, cystitis, glomerulonephritis or in the formation of calculi (stones) in the kidneys.
- 4% are diseases of other internal organs (stomach, intestines).
In the area of the blades
A person can feel soreness in the area of the shoulder blades in different places of localization:
- The pain syndrome is localized under the shoulder blades.This nature of the BS is noted in the presence of ulcers and erosion in the stomach.At the same time, the main epicenter of negative sensations is concentrated in the epigastric zone, and irradiation gives it to the shoulder blade.
- The compression of the chest, aching and stupid pains often cause osteochondrosis or myositis.
- When the back hurts between the shoulder blades, then with a high degree of probability it can be assumed about the localization of intercostal neuralgia (if the BS occurs in the form of fireplace).In the case of the development of pneumonia, painful sensations are enhanced by coughing and at the peak of sigh.
- BS in the shoulder blade most often manifests itself as a post -traumatic consequence.The symptoms of negative sensations are enhanced when the upper limbs move.
Along the spine
The cause of back pain along the spine may be the following conditions:
- Lumbalgia.It manifests itself acutely after lifting weights.
- Stoop, scoliosis or kyphosis cause uncomfortable sensations that are manifested by pulling or aching BS.
- A hernial protrusion between the vertebrae leads to compression of the nerve roots, which is why a burning sensation appears along the spinal column.In this case, there is a loss of sensitivity in the back.
- Cervical and thoracic osteochondrosis leads to changes in the spinous processes of the vertebrae, which becomes a consequence of the constant injury of their nerve endings.This causes back pain and stiffness in movements.
- Injuries provoke an acute and sharp pain syndrome.In case of damage to the spinal cord, sensitivity in the lower extremities occurs.
- Arthritis is characterized by a gradual increase in discomfort, with the appearance of crunch and clicking in the vertebrae.
- Endometriosis and adnexitis cause a sense of discomfort in the spine due to the anatomical arrangement of female reproductive organs (in the lower abdomen).
Below the lower back
The lumbosacral department most often experiences the load due to improper lifting of severity, prolonged walking or from staying in a sitting position.But these situations only partly explain why the back hurts below the lower back.
Discomfort occurs at:
- pathological changes in the spine (arthrosis, osteochondrosis, hernia protrusion between the vertebrae);
- after injury to the sacrum or coccyx;
- In case of violation of posture (scoliosis or lordosis).
Soreness in the sacral department appears in diseases of the genitourinary sphere, constipation, cholecystitis or gastritis.In women, this symptom may indicate pregnancy or menopause.Sometimes it portends the onset of the menstrual cycle.
Soreness in the back after sleep
Sometimes a person notes strong fatigue and breakdown after a night's rest.
Most often, the following factors contribute to this:
- improper organization of the berth (too hard or soft mattress);
- increased physical activity or a large amount of work during the day;
- destructive changes with impaired functionality of the vertebrae and disks between them;
- age -related changes in the cartilage tissue of intervertebral discs;
- consequences of injuries;
- inflammation in the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.
Soreness in the muscles
Pathological processes in the vertebrae and intervertebral discs change the structure of bone and cartilage.Because of this, there is an overvoltage of muscles and tendon fascia.This leads to the fact that the body reacts with the occurrence of BS.
In some cases, it is noted that the back hurts after a long stay on the draft or during hypothermia.These two factors contribute to the manifestation of myositis, in which pain is localized in the surface muscles.A distinctive feature of it is an increase in discomfort on palpation or when the patient tries to make turns or tilting with the body.Sometimes his symptoms appear after sprains and bruises.
Painful syndrome in muscle groups often occurs due to intense training among athletes.In this case, overloaded muscle fibers lose their elasticity, seals appear in them, which are detected on palpation.
The causes of diseases
Pain in the back is diagnosed with various diseases.
These include:
- pathological processes in the spine (hernia, spondylitis, arthralgia, radiculitis);
- myocardial infarction, aorta aneurysm;
- diseases of the stomach and intestines (pancreatitis, colitis);
- The formation of calculi in the kidneys, cholecystitis, liver colic.
At the same time, all diseases have different etiology, which is taken into account when choosing a treatment tactics.
Degenerative pathologies
Degenerative changes occur in cartilage and bone tissue.Violation of the morphological structure causes dystrophy, which is why osteochondrosis, spondylosis or spondyl arthrosis occurs.
Among the provoking factors of destructive changes, they distinguish:
- violation of metabolism causing insufficient intake of nutrients to intervertebral discs;
- limited intake of beneficial trace elements in the body;
- Large loads and injuries;
- malfunctions of the endocrine system;
- bad habits, for example, smoking and excessive addiction to alcoholic beverages;
- Hypodynamia and sedentary lifestyle.
Inflammatory diseases
Diseases leading to inflammation in the spine can occur both independently and be the result of complications of pathologies.They are recorded in rare cases, but pose a serious threat to the patient's health.
The focus of inflammation can be localized in different parts of the vertebra:
- In the front section, spondylitis, dycitis or spondylodiscite is most often diagnosed;
- Localization in the rear section provokes the development of osteomyelitis, spondylitis or paravertebral abscess;
- If the spinal canal is infected, then inflammation is manifested by the development of an abscess or epidurite.
In addition, the tissues of the spine can be affected due to tuberculosis, brucellosis, trichinellosis (a variety of helminthiasis).
This type of pathology is characterized by sharp pain attacks in muscle groups, which are difficult to eliminate analgesics.The clinical picture can be supplemented by related symptoms, for example, with a spasmodic increase in the temperature of the body and the loss of sensitivity in certain areas of the spinal column.
Miofascial syndrome
The myofascial syndrome has a chronic course with the formation of seals in the muscle tissue in the form of pain (trigger) points.This causes not only severe discomfort, but also leads to a decrease in motor activity, as a result of which the patient quickly gets tired even from minor physical activity.
The probability of developing myofascial syndrome increases many times in the following situations:
- osteochondrosis, spondylarthrosis, injuries and bruises;
- in the case of diagnosis of scoliosis or with flat feet;
- if the work is related to the repetition of stereotypical movements;
- In case of violation of the psychoemotional state (if this happens with increased muscle stress).
Important importance in clinical practice is given to the state of trigger points.They are active or latent.
Given this, they are classified as follows:
- Acute form.The trigger points are in an active state and cause a sense of discomfort when trying to make any movement.
- Subacute.Negative manifestations disappear at rest.
- Chronic.The latent state causes only insignificant discomfort in the corresponding area.
In addition, in order to carry out the right choice of therapy, a classification is adopted in neurology according to the etiological principle:
- Primary trigger points are formed due to muscle damage;
- Secondary are recorded in violation of the functionality of the joints and somatic organs.
Physiological causes
A different group of physiological causes of causing soreness in the muscle corset is called domestic.They do not require treatment and pass on their own, after a small rest.
These include:
- performing hard physical work for a long time;
- Weakening or fatigue of the body;
- incorrectly selected pose for night rest or committing monotonous actions during work;
- Poor organization of a place for night sleep;
- A poorly selected mattress or pillow.
To establish the cause of back pain, you must consult a doctor, since this may require a number of diagnostic measures.This will determine the tactics of the treatment process, which will not allow the transition of the disease into a neglected form.